Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology News Presents an Informative and Educational Streaming Audio Webinar
Advances in Compound Identification Using Metabolomics
Broadcast Date: Wednesday, September 23, 2009 Time: 1:00 pm EDT
The metabolome can be looked at as a summation of genomic, proteomic, as well as environmental influences and has thus become a rich source of unbiased, real-time information on gene function. Even though there are less metabolites than genes and proteins, their chemical diversity and wide range of concentrations present formidable challenges to analysis. This free webinar explores state-of-the-art mass spectrometry and MS/MS techniques for routine and novel identification of biomarkers and drug targets through metabolomics.
Who should attend?
Systems biologists
Academic and industrial biomarker investigators
Drug discovery scientists involved in target identification
Cell biologists in the pharmaceutical or biopharmaceutical industries
Mass spectroscopists working in life science laboratories
Key Learning Points
Use of high-resolution LC/MS and other techniques for de novo chemical structure determination
Application of Metlin and the Metlin MS/MS library, which contain more than 23,000 endogenous, exogenous, and theoretical metabolites, for identification of metabolites and complete unknowns
The typical metabolomics work flow as well as the need for and purpose of compound identification in metabolomics research
Sample analysis tips and tricks as well as MS and MS/MS data interpretation
Speakers include Paul R. West, Ph.D., Director, BioAnalytical Chemistry, Stemina Biomarker Discovery; Gary Siuzdak, Ph.D., Senior Director, Scripps Center for Mass Spectrometry;and Steven Fischer, Senior Applications Chemist, Agilent Technologies. Your host for this webinar will be John Sterling, Editor in Chief of Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology News.
A live Q&A session will follow the presentations, offering you a chance to pose questions to our expert panelists. For more about this webinar, click here.
Thursday, September 3, 2009
2009 International Symposium on Bioelectronics and Bioinformatics-RMIT UNIVERSITY AUSTRALIA
university is planning for international symposium in field of BIOINFORMAICS-
The Symposium will provide a forum for researchers, engineers, and research students to discuss and disseminate the latest research progresses in the areas of biomedical engineering, micro and nano electronics, e-health, bioinformatics, and bio-signal processing.Call for papers closes on August 31.
Event details
Event:
2009 International Symposium on Bioelectronics and Bioinformatics (ISBB2009)
Person:
RMIT Research
Date:
December 09, 2009December 11, 2009
Time:
TBA
Location:
School of Electrical and Computer Engineering,RMIT City Campus,Melbourne, Australia
2009 International Symposium on Bioelectronics and Bioinformatics (ISBB2009) will be held in the great city of Melbourne, Australia from 9-11 December, 2009 jointly organised by RMIT University, Australia and Heterogeneous Integration Consortium, Taiwan, ROC.
We have witnessed the rapid development of bioelectronics as well as bioinformatics in last decade. ISBB2009 will provide a forum for researchers, engineers, and research students to discuss and disseminate the latest research progresses in the areas of biomedical engineering, micro and nano electronics, e-health, bioinformatics, and bio-signal processing. It will encourage the cross-boundary communication and collaboration between scientists and engineers who aim to develop state-of-the-art practical solutions for addressing real word biomedicine and health problems.
Call for papers
The ISBB2009 organisation committee is inviting you to submit original unpublished technical research papers describing latest work in, but not limited to, the following areas:
Implantable Electronics
VLSI IC Design for Biomedical Application
BioMEMS and Biosensor
Wireless Body Sensor Network
Ambulatory Monitoring System
Bionic Ear and Bionic Eye Development
Diagnostic and Neurosignal Processing
Medical Data Integration and E-health Solutions
Proteomics and Macromolecule Modeling
Biological Signal Processing and Data Mining
All submitted papers will be peer reviewed and the accepted and presented papers will be included in the symposium proceedings as well as the IEEE Xplore. It is requested that full paper submissions not exceeding 4 pages (or approximately 2000 words). It is expected that sufficient technical details will be presented in the paper. Authors should follow the IEEE EMBC paper style to prepare the manuscripts.
Important Dates
May 18
Paper Submission Open
August 31
Paper Submission Due
September 30
Notification to Authors
October 15
Author Registration and Camera-Ready Papers Due
December 9-11
Conference Dates
General Inquiries
For more information:
Visit the 2009 International Symposium on Bioelectronics and Bioinformatics website
Enquiries can be made directly to secretariat@isbb2009.wmah.org
The Symposium will provide a forum for researchers, engineers, and research students to discuss and disseminate the latest research progresses in the areas of biomedical engineering, micro and nano electronics, e-health, bioinformatics, and bio-signal processing.Call for papers closes on August 31.
Event details
Event:
2009 International Symposium on Bioelectronics and Bioinformatics (ISBB2009)
Person:
RMIT Research
Date:
December 09, 2009December 11, 2009
Time:
TBA
Location:
School of Electrical and Computer Engineering,RMIT City Campus,Melbourne, Australia
2009 International Symposium on Bioelectronics and Bioinformatics (ISBB2009) will be held in the great city of Melbourne, Australia from 9-11 December, 2009 jointly organised by RMIT University, Australia and Heterogeneous Integration Consortium, Taiwan, ROC.
We have witnessed the rapid development of bioelectronics as well as bioinformatics in last decade. ISBB2009 will provide a forum for researchers, engineers, and research students to discuss and disseminate the latest research progresses in the areas of biomedical engineering, micro and nano electronics, e-health, bioinformatics, and bio-signal processing. It will encourage the cross-boundary communication and collaboration between scientists and engineers who aim to develop state-of-the-art practical solutions for addressing real word biomedicine and health problems.
Call for papers
The ISBB2009 organisation committee is inviting you to submit original unpublished technical research papers describing latest work in, but not limited to, the following areas:
Implantable Electronics
VLSI IC Design for Biomedical Application
BioMEMS and Biosensor
Wireless Body Sensor Network
Ambulatory Monitoring System
Bionic Ear and Bionic Eye Development
Diagnostic and Neurosignal Processing
Medical Data Integration and E-health Solutions
Proteomics and Macromolecule Modeling
Biological Signal Processing and Data Mining
All submitted papers will be peer reviewed and the accepted and presented papers will be included in the symposium proceedings as well as the IEEE Xplore. It is requested that full paper submissions not exceeding 4 pages (or approximately 2000 words). It is expected that sufficient technical details will be presented in the paper. Authors should follow the IEEE EMBC paper style to prepare the manuscripts.
Important Dates
May 18
Paper Submission Open
August 31
Paper Submission Due
September 30
Notification to Authors
October 15
Author Registration and Camera-Ready Papers Due
December 9-11
Conference Dates
General Inquiries
For more information:
Visit the 2009 International Symposium on Bioelectronics and Bioinformatics website
Enquiries can be made directly to secretariat@isbb2009.wmah.org
Wednesday, September 2, 2009
Leadership Role: Stem Cell Research - Pioneering Stem Cell Research Company
A leading stem cell company in India, focusing on Research, Therapeutics and Therapy in the field of regenerative medicine. Their goal is to bring out stem cell based drugs in the near future using Mesenchymal Stem Cells. To develop drugs to treat various diseases, they work on cutting edge research to acquire knowledge & understanding of stem cells and their differentiation process.
They are seeking an experienced senior research scientist with good industry back ground to head the entire research activities. He/She will Leadership Role in the Research function of the Organisation. He/She will be responsible for the overall research and development functions of the company. Responsibilities include innovation in stem cells research towards product development, relating research to business, overseeing the creation, development, design and implementation of the organization’s Stem Cell R&D programs, building partnerships and relationships with the global scientific community, actively contributing toproduct development projects and clinical trials, ensuring good productivity from the scientific team and managing R&D budgets.
Interface within the Organization: Business Heads, Corporate Head HR, Vice Chancellor - University, CEO/COO of Hospitals, Clinical Doctors.
Outside The Organization: Regulatory bodies (DCGI, ICMR etc), Scientific bodies, Biotech Corps, International Stem Cell committees, Research Institutes, Universities, CROs.
Job Description:
1) List the critical accountabilities that must be achieved in order that the job purpose is fulfilled.2) To develop & execute short and long term research and innovation strategies to realize stem cells market potential in local and international markets.3) Design and deliver strategies for “Bench to Bedside” approach in bringing the outcome of applied research to launch novel drugs for clinical applications.4) Develop a team of stem cells experts by setting up supporting education system and obtain research grants in the area of regenerative medicine.5) Enhance scientific value of the organization by filing global patents and publications in peer review and leading scientific journals.6) Develop global and local network with leading scientific bodies to mobilize direct investments in basic and applied research and also improve the company’s image as a leader in stem cell research/therapy
7) Bring in operational excellence in Stem Cell culturing and up scaling. Develop world class stem cell labs with cGMP compliant.8) Develop and leverage Stem Cell platforms for business applications.9) Conduct research and development that creates new products for various ailments.10)Analyze and summarize the results of clinical studies sponsored by the company and partners.11)Create formal reports, white papers and publications of research results.12)Should oversee the infrastructure required for Research & Production.
Candidate Profile:
1) Masters Degree in Biotech / Medicine PhD in relevant field with strong back ground in Stem cells With 5 years experience at a senior level - working in stem cell development or analysis.2) Should have a good Track-record of creating patents, publishing research papers, writing scientific reports and getting outside funding for self-initiated research programs.3) Should have experience in developing Stem Cell based products.4) Should have established record of independent research and critical thinking.5) Should have experience in leading research projects in Stem Cell or related fields.6) Should have Experience in studying Acute Myocardial Infarction, Critical Limb Ischemia, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Liver Cirrhosis, and “Drug Screening & Toxicity” research.
Location: Bangalore
Opportunity ID: SBT-STC5001
Contact Person: Shyam Suryanarayanan: +91-9845094699 or +91-80-65718412
They are seeking an experienced senior research scientist with good industry back ground to head the entire research activities. He/She will Leadership Role in the Research function of the Organisation. He/She will be responsible for the overall research and development functions of the company. Responsibilities include innovation in stem cells research towards product development, relating research to business, overseeing the creation, development, design and implementation of the organization’s Stem Cell R&D programs, building partnerships and relationships with the global scientific community, actively contributing toproduct development projects and clinical trials, ensuring good productivity from the scientific team and managing R&D budgets.
Interface within the Organization: Business Heads, Corporate Head HR, Vice Chancellor - University, CEO/COO of Hospitals, Clinical Doctors.
Outside The Organization: Regulatory bodies (DCGI, ICMR etc), Scientific bodies, Biotech Corps, International Stem Cell committees, Research Institutes, Universities, CROs.
Job Description:
1) List the critical accountabilities that must be achieved in order that the job purpose is fulfilled.2) To develop & execute short and long term research and innovation strategies to realize stem cells market potential in local and international markets.3) Design and deliver strategies for “Bench to Bedside” approach in bringing the outcome of applied research to launch novel drugs for clinical applications.4) Develop a team of stem cells experts by setting up supporting education system and obtain research grants in the area of regenerative medicine.5) Enhance scientific value of the organization by filing global patents and publications in peer review and leading scientific journals.6) Develop global and local network with leading scientific bodies to mobilize direct investments in basic and applied research and also improve the company’s image as a leader in stem cell research/therapy
7) Bring in operational excellence in Stem Cell culturing and up scaling. Develop world class stem cell labs with cGMP compliant.8) Develop and leverage Stem Cell platforms for business applications.9) Conduct research and development that creates new products for various ailments.10)Analyze and summarize the results of clinical studies sponsored by the company and partners.11)Create formal reports, white papers and publications of research results.12)Should oversee the infrastructure required for Research & Production.
Candidate Profile:
1) Masters Degree in Biotech / Medicine PhD in relevant field with strong back ground in Stem cells With 5 years experience at a senior level - working in stem cell development or analysis.2) Should have a good Track-record of creating patents, publishing research papers, writing scientific reports and getting outside funding for self-initiated research programs.3) Should have experience in developing Stem Cell based products.4) Should have established record of independent research and critical thinking.5) Should have experience in leading research projects in Stem Cell or related fields.6) Should have Experience in studying Acute Myocardial Infarction, Critical Limb Ischemia, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Liver Cirrhosis, and “Drug Screening & Toxicity” research.
Location: Bangalore
Opportunity ID: SBT-STC5001
Contact Person: Shyam Suryanarayanan: +91-9845094699 or +91-80-65718412
Project fellow vacancy At NIMR Delhi
Two positions of Project Fellows (One based at Delhi and another at DRDE, Gwalior) on a consolidated salary of Rs.10000/-p.m. (No other allowances) are to be filled up on purely temporary, ad hoc and contractual basis under the project titled “Knock down resistance mutation (kdr) in Anopheles culicifacies : frequency distribution in different populations” funded by DRDE,
Gwalior which are coterminous with the project. The maximum tenure of the project is two years. The initial engagement in the posts would be for one year but the period of contract may be curtailed/extended at the discretion of the competent authority.
Interested and eligible candidates may send their bio-data on email admin@mrcindia.org and attend walk-in-interview at above address on 04.09.2009 at 10.00 A.M. along with Bio-data with the photocopies of the testimonials and also originals for verification.
NOC is necessary in the case of persons serving in Central/State Govt./Autonomous Bodies No TA/DA will be paid for attending the interview.
Essential Qualification : First class M.Sc. in Life Sciences/Biotechnology/ Bioinformatics
Desirable : Knowledge of basic Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics tools.
Age : Up to 28 years (Relaxable for SC/ST/OBC candidates as per Govt. rules and also for deserving candidates).
Courtesy
Helpbiotech
Gwalior which are coterminous with the project. The maximum tenure of the project is two years. The initial engagement in the posts would be for one year but the period of contract may be curtailed/extended at the discretion of the competent authority.
Interested and eligible candidates may send their bio-data on email admin@mrcindia.org and attend walk-in-interview at above address on 04.09.2009 at 10.00 A.M. along with Bio-data with the photocopies of the testimonials and also originals for verification.
NOC is necessary in the case of persons serving in Central/State Govt./Autonomous Bodies No TA/DA will be paid for attending the interview.
Essential Qualification : First class M.Sc. in Life Sciences/Biotechnology/ Bioinformatics
Desirable : Knowledge of basic Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics tools.
Age : Up to 28 years (Relaxable for SC/ST/OBC candidates as per Govt. rules and also for deserving candidates).
Courtesy
Helpbiotech
Job-Vacancy: Manager At BASF
BASF Plant Science Company GmbH is looking for aBioinformatic Manager (m/f)Essential Requirements:- Bioinformatics expertise with a good overview of the differentfields ofbioinformatics- Sound knowledge of at least one programming language (e.g. Java, C++, C,VB) and scripting abilities (e.g. Perl, Python, shell scripting)- Sound knowledge of biology (doctorate in biology/biochemistry wouldbe a plus)- Knowledge of databases (Oracle, MS SQL Server) and SQL wouldbe beneficial- Experiences in project management would be a benefit- Excellent English skills and working knowledge in German- Work experience in an industrial setting would be a benefit- - Excellent communication skillscontact person:Ms. Michaela Hambsch,phone ++49 621 60-28102Visit for more details:http://www.basf.com/plantsciencePlease apply preferably online underhttp://www.corporate.basf.com/en/karriere or in writing to BASF SE HRdirekt - D 108 D-67056 Ludwigshafen Tel. ++49 621 60-95200Referencecode:J-BPS-51240079Attachment: J-BPS-51240079_Hambsch.pdfcourtesy:Bioplanetjobs.
Postdoctoral position in Theoretical Molecular Biophysics
Postdoctoral position is available in the Theoretical Molecular Biophysics laboratory headed by Dr. Dima Lukatskyin the department of Chemistry at Ben-Gurion University of the Negev.
We are interested in understanding design
principles of protein interaction specificity,design principles of protein-protein and drug-protein interaction networks,
and general principles of biomolecular recognition in a living cell.We invite a highly motivated, recent Ph.D. graduate
in physics, computer science, bioinformatics or chemistry and interested in biophysics and systems biology to join our group.
For further information please contact:
Dr. Dima LukatskyDepartment of ChemistryBen-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer ShevaLukatsky@bgu.ac.ilPh. (office) +972-(0)8-6428-370
We are interested in understanding design
principles of protein interaction specificity,design principles of protein-protein and drug-protein interaction networks,
and general principles of biomolecular recognition in a living cell.We invite a highly motivated, recent Ph.D. graduate
in physics, computer science, bioinformatics or chemistry and interested in biophysics and systems biology to join our group.
For further information please contact:
Dr. Dima LukatskyDepartment of ChemistryBen-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer ShevaLukatsky@bgu.ac.ilPh. (office) +972-(0)8-6428-370
Systems Biology Jobs at Center of Systems Biology Iceland
Available Positions:
Postdoctoral Position: Mathematical modeling of human metabolism:
Postdoctoral Position: Development of computational methods for human systems biologyFor more Details Please Visit : http://systemsbiology.is/Jobs
Postdoctoral Position: Mathematical modeling of human metabolism:
Postdoctoral Position: Development of computational methods for human systems biologyFor more Details Please Visit : http://systemsbiology.is/Jobs
A Quick Guide to Teaching R Programming to Computational Biology Students
A good paper on R.http://www.ploscompbiol.org/article/info:doi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pcbi.1000482BySukhbir Singh Rattan.
IIT KHARAGPUR BIOINFO Jrf Vacancy
Applications are invited for the temporary Jrf positions available at IIT Kharagpur.
Qualifications & Experience:
M.Sc. or equivalent in Bioinformatics/Life Science/ Physics /Chemistry/Computer Science or M.Tech. in Bioinformatics / Biotechnology/Computer Science.
Valid GATE/ NET score; Experience in C/C++/PERL/ PYTHON programming language. Knowledge in handling Bioinformatics software will be a plus.
Last Date: 17th sep 2009
For further information plz follow the link:
http://www.iitkgp.ac.in/topfiles/sric_job_details.php?serial=1172
Courtesy
Helpbiotech
Qualifications & Experience:
M.Sc. or equivalent in Bioinformatics/Life Science/ Physics /Chemistry/Computer Science or M.Tech. in Bioinformatics / Biotechnology/Computer Science.
Valid GATE/ NET score; Experience in C/C++/PERL/ PYTHON programming language. Knowledge in handling Bioinformatics software will be a plus.
Last Date: 17th sep 2009
For further information plz follow the link:
http://www.iitkgp.ac.in/topfiles/sric_job_details.php?serial=1172
Courtesy
Helpbiotech
DWLKarnal 4 jrf posts
4 jrf posts are available at the ICAR Haryana.
Qualifications:
Pg degree in bioinformatics and
good handling of bioinformatics tools and softwares ,Knowledge of Linux.
Walk in interview on 17th sep
For further information plz follow the link:
http://dwr.in/images/pdf/bio-interview.pdf
Courtesy
Helpbiotech
Qualifications:
Pg degree in bioinformatics and
good handling of bioinformatics tools and softwares ,Knowledge of Linux.
Walk in interview on 17th sep
For further information plz follow the link:
http://dwr.in/images/pdf/bio-interview.pdf
Courtesy
Helpbiotech
Research Fellow / Senior Research Fellow in Microbial Ecology : Sydney, NSW 2007 Australia
Job description:
Research Fellow/Senior Research Fellow in Microbial Ecology (Level B/C)
Plant Functional Biology and Climate Change Cluster (C3)
A position at UTS is one of influence, recognition, reward and work-life balance.The Plant Functional Biology and Climate Change Cluster (C3) brings together a core group of expert plant physiologists, ecologists, biological and physical modellers and specialist remote sensing researchers, with the aim of improving and enhancing predictions about the impacts of climate change on natural ecosystems. Working at multiple scales, from cellular to regional, in forest, coastal and estuarine ecosystems, this unique group’s targeted research approach builds on their internationally recognised work into areas including:
• Understanding the physiological trigger of coral bleaching• Climatic influences on aquatic biodiversity• Vulnerability of Antarctic ecosystems to climate change
We are looking for a microbial ecologist working at the intersection of molecular (genomic/proteomic/biochemical) expression in protist diversity (species or communities) and their functional response to climate change. The person will have a background in molecular microbiology and aquatic ecology. Knowledge of gene regulation, molecular probes, antibodies, quantification of metabolic proteins, protein interactions, bioinformatics, advanced microscopy (live imaging), screening, isolation and culturing are highly advantageous.We would be looking for opportunities where other members of the C3 aquatic team could contribute to your research through a deeper understanding of biogeochemical processes, gas exchange, bioenergetics and ecosystem models of microbial consortia (eg symbiosis, biofilms or pelagic communities).
The appointee will be expected to provide research leadership and build research capacity in this research domain and seek funding from external sources, with support of the Research and Innovation Office. A key requirement for the appointee is to foster international and national links with research groups and with industry, government, professions and community organisations. A very good publication record for the stage in career is critical. Demonstrated experience in working in multi-disciplinary teams is desirable.
Salary range: Level B $73,149 to $86,846 pa.Level C $89,551 to $103,086 pa.The University offers salary packaging plus attractive superannuation.
For further information and to apply visit: http://www.hru.uts.edu.au/jobs/
For more information visit: http://www.nature.com/naturejobs/science/jobs/106610-Research-Fellow-Senior-Research-Fellow-in-Microbial-Ecology
Research Fellow/Senior Research Fellow in Microbial Ecology (Level B/C)
Plant Functional Biology and Climate Change Cluster (C3)
A position at UTS is one of influence, recognition, reward and work-life balance.The Plant Functional Biology and Climate Change Cluster (C3) brings together a core group of expert plant physiologists, ecologists, biological and physical modellers and specialist remote sensing researchers, with the aim of improving and enhancing predictions about the impacts of climate change on natural ecosystems. Working at multiple scales, from cellular to regional, in forest, coastal and estuarine ecosystems, this unique group’s targeted research approach builds on their internationally recognised work into areas including:
• Understanding the physiological trigger of coral bleaching• Climatic influences on aquatic biodiversity• Vulnerability of Antarctic ecosystems to climate change
We are looking for a microbial ecologist working at the intersection of molecular (genomic/proteomic/biochemical) expression in protist diversity (species or communities) and their functional response to climate change. The person will have a background in molecular microbiology and aquatic ecology. Knowledge of gene regulation, molecular probes, antibodies, quantification of metabolic proteins, protein interactions, bioinformatics, advanced microscopy (live imaging), screening, isolation and culturing are highly advantageous.We would be looking for opportunities where other members of the C3 aquatic team could contribute to your research through a deeper understanding of biogeochemical processes, gas exchange, bioenergetics and ecosystem models of microbial consortia (eg symbiosis, biofilms or pelagic communities).
The appointee will be expected to provide research leadership and build research capacity in this research domain and seek funding from external sources, with support of the Research and Innovation Office. A key requirement for the appointee is to foster international and national links with research groups and with industry, government, professions and community organisations. A very good publication record for the stage in career is critical. Demonstrated experience in working in multi-disciplinary teams is desirable.
Salary range: Level B $73,149 to $86,846 pa.Level C $89,551 to $103,086 pa.The University offers salary packaging plus attractive superannuation.
For further information and to apply visit: http://www.hru.uts.edu.au/jobs/
For more information visit: http://www.nature.com/naturejobs/science/jobs/106610-Research-Fellow-Senior-Research-Fellow-in-Microbial-Ecology
Human-chimp interbreeding challenged
Mutation rates may be explained by differences in female promiscuity
A genetic analysis has called into question the controversial claim that early humans and chimpanzees interbred before splitting into separate species.
"Many evolutionary biologists were pretty sceptical" about the interbreeding scenario, says evolutionary geneticist Soojin Yi of the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta. She argues that her explanation — which stems from promiscuity differences among primate species — is "simpler and hence more likely".
In 2006, David Reich and his colleagues at the Broad Institute in Cambridge, Massachusetts, compared the genomes of humans, chimps and three other primate species, and found that the separation of ancient humans from our closest cousins was more complex than a clean break. The time from the beginning to the completion of human-chimp divergence ranged over more than four million years across different parts of the genome, and the X chromosome seemed youngest of all, they reported in Nature. The authors argued that there were in fact two splits — an initial divide, followed by interbreeding, and then final separation in which only a young X chromosome was retained.
Many researchers took issue with this interpretation, arguing that large ancestral population sizes could explain the wide range in genetic divergence times, so there was no need to invoke a complex speciation process. But these critiques still could not account for the youth of the X chromosome.
Now Yi, together with Daven Presgraves of the University of Rochester in New York, have reanalysed the data and suggest that species differences in the levels of female promiscuity can account for the chromosomal inconsistency. The original hypothesis is "way more of a headache for evolutionary biologists", says Yi. The data "can also be explained very well by well-established ideas in molecular evolution".
Relationships matter
Males competing for mates produce different amounts of sperm depending on the mating habits of the species. Chimps are highly promiscuous, humans less so and gorillas not much at all. As such, male chimps face the stiffest competition, so they have the highest sperm counts and the largest testes of the three species. That means that they also undergo more rounds of sperm cell division and make more DNA copying mistakes, leading to higher mutation rates in males than in females. Reich and others had assumed that all primates had the same mutation bias, but Yi and Presgraves argue that mating relationships should be taken into account.
Because females have two X chromosomes and males have only one, the X spends more of its evolutionary history in females, whereas non-sex chromosomes split their time evenly between each gender. Thus, a male-biased mutation rate will lead to proportionally fewer genetic changes on the X and will seem to be younger when using a molecular clock, even if all the chromosomes diverged at around the same time, the researchers argue. Complex speciation is therefore unlikely to be the cause, they report in an invited opinion article in the October issue of Trends in Ecology & Evolution.
"This elegant and simple explanation will be the last piece of the puzzle," says Hideki Innan, a population geneticist at the Graduate University for Advanced Studies in Kanagawa, Japan.
The X factor
But Reich is not convinced. Yi and Presgraves' model "is an exciting hypothesis, but it simply can't explain the data", he says. Their model predicts that chimps should continue to accumulate more mutations on the autosomes compared to the X chromosome even after the species split. But even when Reich reanalysed 30 times more sequence data than his team considered in the original paper, he could not find any difference between the human and chimp lineages.
What's more, only the double-split scenario could explain why genes shared by humans and gorillas, but not chimps, are found everywhere on the non-sex chromosomes but are largely absent on the X. Complex speciation "remains a far-out hypothesis", admits Reich. "But no one has come up with an alternative explanation for the data that holds water."
Presgraves counters that when he included orang-utan data in the analysis, he found that humans and chimps had similarly strong male-biased mutation rates, so he wouldn't expect differences between the two species. What matters, he says, is that both species are more biased than gorilla, which makes the divergence seem younger than when compared to the older primates. In addition, he says, humans share genes with gorillas — albeit at lower levels — which is consistent with his expectations.
Nicholas Barton, an evolutionary geneticist at the Institute of Science and Technology Austria in Klosterneuburg, says that the new theory has the advantage that it is testable. Researchers can survey more species to confirm whether male-biased mutation rates vary with sperm competition. Reich's idea, however, cannot be disproved.
Indeed, in 2003, Hans Ellegren, an evolutionary biologist at Uppsala University in Sweden, calculated the mutation bias in 31 bird species, and found that those with higher rates of extrapair paternity also had higher male mutation rates.
Yi concedes that she can't definitively invalidate Reich's model. "Proof is very hard to come by in evolution biology, unfortunately," she says.
Source: Nature,28 August 2009
A genetic analysis has called into question the controversial claim that early humans and chimpanzees interbred before splitting into separate species.
"Many evolutionary biologists were pretty sceptical" about the interbreeding scenario, says evolutionary geneticist Soojin Yi of the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta. She argues that her explanation — which stems from promiscuity differences among primate species — is "simpler and hence more likely".
In 2006, David Reich and his colleagues at the Broad Institute in Cambridge, Massachusetts, compared the genomes of humans, chimps and three other primate species, and found that the separation of ancient humans from our closest cousins was more complex than a clean break. The time from the beginning to the completion of human-chimp divergence ranged over more than four million years across different parts of the genome, and the X chromosome seemed youngest of all, they reported in Nature. The authors argued that there were in fact two splits — an initial divide, followed by interbreeding, and then final separation in which only a young X chromosome was retained.
Many researchers took issue with this interpretation, arguing that large ancestral population sizes could explain the wide range in genetic divergence times, so there was no need to invoke a complex speciation process. But these critiques still could not account for the youth of the X chromosome.
Now Yi, together with Daven Presgraves of the University of Rochester in New York, have reanalysed the data and suggest that species differences in the levels of female promiscuity can account for the chromosomal inconsistency. The original hypothesis is "way more of a headache for evolutionary biologists", says Yi. The data "can also be explained very well by well-established ideas in molecular evolution".
Relationships matter
Males competing for mates produce different amounts of sperm depending on the mating habits of the species. Chimps are highly promiscuous, humans less so and gorillas not much at all. As such, male chimps face the stiffest competition, so they have the highest sperm counts and the largest testes of the three species. That means that they also undergo more rounds of sperm cell division and make more DNA copying mistakes, leading to higher mutation rates in males than in females. Reich and others had assumed that all primates had the same mutation bias, but Yi and Presgraves argue that mating relationships should be taken into account.
Because females have two X chromosomes and males have only one, the X spends more of its evolutionary history in females, whereas non-sex chromosomes split their time evenly between each gender. Thus, a male-biased mutation rate will lead to proportionally fewer genetic changes on the X and will seem to be younger when using a molecular clock, even if all the chromosomes diverged at around the same time, the researchers argue. Complex speciation is therefore unlikely to be the cause, they report in an invited opinion article in the October issue of Trends in Ecology & Evolution.
"This elegant and simple explanation will be the last piece of the puzzle," says Hideki Innan, a population geneticist at the Graduate University for Advanced Studies in Kanagawa, Japan.
The X factor
But Reich is not convinced. Yi and Presgraves' model "is an exciting hypothesis, but it simply can't explain the data", he says. Their model predicts that chimps should continue to accumulate more mutations on the autosomes compared to the X chromosome even after the species split. But even when Reich reanalysed 30 times more sequence data than his team considered in the original paper, he could not find any difference between the human and chimp lineages.
What's more, only the double-split scenario could explain why genes shared by humans and gorillas, but not chimps, are found everywhere on the non-sex chromosomes but are largely absent on the X. Complex speciation "remains a far-out hypothesis", admits Reich. "But no one has come up with an alternative explanation for the data that holds water."
Presgraves counters that when he included orang-utan data in the analysis, he found that humans and chimps had similarly strong male-biased mutation rates, so he wouldn't expect differences between the two species. What matters, he says, is that both species are more biased than gorilla, which makes the divergence seem younger than when compared to the older primates. In addition, he says, humans share genes with gorillas — albeit at lower levels — which is consistent with his expectations.
Nicholas Barton, an evolutionary geneticist at the Institute of Science and Technology Austria in Klosterneuburg, says that the new theory has the advantage that it is testable. Researchers can survey more species to confirm whether male-biased mutation rates vary with sperm competition. Reich's idea, however, cannot be disproved.
Indeed, in 2003, Hans Ellegren, an evolutionary biologist at Uppsala University in Sweden, calculated the mutation bias in 31 bird species, and found that those with higher rates of extrapair paternity also had higher male mutation rates.
Yi concedes that she can't definitively invalidate Reich's model. "Proof is very hard to come by in evolution biology, unfortunately," she says.
Source: Nature,28 August 2009
PhD Student : Switzerland, Geneva
Description
A PhD student position is available at a new research laboratory which is a joint endeavor of the Department of Structural Biology and Bioinformatics (DBSB) at the Faculty of Medicine of the Geneva University and of the Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (ISB).
The research project will form part of the CALIPHO initiative (Computational Analysis and Laboratory Investigation of Proteins of Human Origin), which combines molecular and cellular biological methods, in vivo experiments on model organisms and bioinformatics to decipher the function of the numerous uncharacterized human proteins. The identification of novel biological messengers such as hormones, growth factors or cytokines often represents landmark discoveries, with significant impact for both fundamental and applied science. The recent completion of the annotation of the human proteome by the Swiss-Prot group demonstrated that about 2’000 human proteins are still lacking experimental annotations. Among those, some have the profile of potential biological messengers (small secreted proteins). These candidates will be validated and characterized using a series of in vitro (analysis of expression of the cloned genes) and ex vivo experiments (detection of gene expression in tissue samples), resulting in (i) a first level of characterization for the new proteins and (ii) the development of a reduced and filtered set of candidates, from which a panel of three will be chosen for further characterization, based on assessment of tractability and potential impact. In the final phase of the project, these three carefully chosen proteins will be produced and subjected to more in depth analysis (screening for activity on cells and tissues, structural studies, physiological effects) in an attempt to elucidate their functions. This project should lead to (i) the preliminary characterization of a large panel of secreted proteins of unknown function, (ii) an initial assessment of the utility of using a systematic approach, indicating which areas require optimization, and (iii) the in-depth characterization of 1-3 new human secreted biological messengers.
Requirements
Master 2 in biology or biochemistry or equivalent diploma.
Further information (job start, deadline, adress) on:http://www.myscience.ch/en/jobs_and_careers/id5303
A PhD student position is available at a new research laboratory which is a joint endeavor of the Department of Structural Biology and Bioinformatics (DBSB) at the Faculty of Medicine of the Geneva University and of the Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (ISB).
The research project will form part of the CALIPHO initiative (Computational Analysis and Laboratory Investigation of Proteins of Human Origin), which combines molecular and cellular biological methods, in vivo experiments on model organisms and bioinformatics to decipher the function of the numerous uncharacterized human proteins. The identification of novel biological messengers such as hormones, growth factors or cytokines often represents landmark discoveries, with significant impact for both fundamental and applied science. The recent completion of the annotation of the human proteome by the Swiss-Prot group demonstrated that about 2’000 human proteins are still lacking experimental annotations. Among those, some have the profile of potential biological messengers (small secreted proteins). These candidates will be validated and characterized using a series of in vitro (analysis of expression of the cloned genes) and ex vivo experiments (detection of gene expression in tissue samples), resulting in (i) a first level of characterization for the new proteins and (ii) the development of a reduced and filtered set of candidates, from which a panel of three will be chosen for further characterization, based on assessment of tractability and potential impact. In the final phase of the project, these three carefully chosen proteins will be produced and subjected to more in depth analysis (screening for activity on cells and tissues, structural studies, physiological effects) in an attempt to elucidate their functions. This project should lead to (i) the preliminary characterization of a large panel of secreted proteins of unknown function, (ii) an initial assessment of the utility of using a systematic approach, indicating which areas require optimization, and (iii) the in-depth characterization of 1-3 new human secreted biological messengers.
Requirements
Master 2 in biology or biochemistry or equivalent diploma.
Further information (job start, deadline, adress) on:http://www.myscience.ch/en/jobs_and_careers/id5303
Opening for post-doc at University of Munster, Munster, Germany
Project descriptionThis project includes collaboration with experimentalists in the endeavour to extract common principles of host-parasite co-evolution, arguably the major driving force of evolution. Post-holders will apply a wide range of bioinformatics techniques to elucidate molecular details of interactions between hosts and parasites and changes in genomic architecture of either organism. The project requires the analysis of Selexa/454/ABI data, ESTs, genomic data, automated extraction information from literature and making information accessible to the consortium of the SPP1399. Candidates are expected to interact closely with e.g. the MPI for Evolutionary Biology in Ploen, the IFM-Geomar in Kiel and of course groups at the IEB. The project is funded by the German Science Foundation and coordinated jointly by Profs. Erich Bornberg-Bauer and Joachim Kurtz (both IEB, University of Muenster) as well as Hinrich Schulenburg and Thorsten Reusch (both University of Kiel). Postdoctoral and PhD positions are usually paid according to the TVL scheme. Teaching and/or administrative contributions are generally very low, with amount and balance depending on the particular project as well as background, qualifications and experience of candidates. Further information on the Institute, Muenster and the SPP: http://ieb.uni-muenster.de/ http://www.muenster.de/en/ http://ieb.uni-muenster.de/spp/ Required qualifications: * PhD in natural sciences such as biochemistry, biology or biophysics and research experience in bioinformatics OR * PhD in computer science, statistics or bioinformatics with experience and/or desire to excel in a biological area * Good knowledge of biological databases, bioinformatics programmes and scripting languages such as python, perl or ruby is essential. * Motivation and proven ability to carry out research independently * Good communication skills, fluency in English Contact Information University of Muenster Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Prof Erich Bornberg-Bauer ebb@uni-muenster.de Tel. Number: +40-251-83-21630 http://ieb.uni-muenster.de/bioinf/positions How To Apply: Interested candidates should send applications to Prof. Bornberg-Bauer ebb@uni-muenster.de as pdf attachment (max. 2 pages) detailing: education + degrees with dates, posts held, list of peer reviewed publications, 2-3 names of potential referees and a short statement of research interest or as letter to: Prof. Dr. Erich Bornberg-Bauer Institut for Evolution and Biodiversity, Westfälische Wilhelms Universität Münster Hüfferstrasse 1, D-48149 Münster, Germany www.uni-muenster.de/Evolution.ebb CLOSING DATE is September 30th 2009.
Post-doc position at IMP-Research Institute of Molecular Pathology, Vienna, Austria
A postdoctoral position localized at the IMP in collaboration with Boehringer Ingelheim Oncology in Vienna is available immediately. Research: The person will work closely with scientists at the IMP and Boehringer Ingelheim to implement analysis pipelines for next generation sequencing projects in the area of cancer genomics. In-house generated data as well as selected public domain data sets should be integrated with an already existing large data collection. A strong focus will be the comprehensive characterization of cancer cell lines with the aim to explain and understand genotype-dependent differential responses to novel targeted therapies. Requirements: The successful candidate should have a PhD degree in bioinformatics, molecular biology or in a related discipline with a proven record in genome/transcriptome sequence analysis, preferentially in the context of NGS. A profound understanding of cancer genomics/biology and the ability to translate and communicate results is highly desired. The candidate should be comfortable in handling very large datasets and be able to identify and implement computationally efficient data processing strategies in a linux environment. Terms and locale: The position is initially for two years, location Vienna, Austria. Institution Background: The Research Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP) is a basic biomedical research institute sponsored largely by Boehringer Ingelheim, as well as research grants from national and international funding agencies. Boehringer Ingelheim is a research-driven international pharmaceutical company with around 40.000 employees world-wide. The research site in Vienna is solely dedicated to cancer research. Links: http://www.imp.ac.at/ http://www.boehringer-ingelheim.com/corporate/research/centres.asp#3 Contact: Interested candidates should contact Christian.Haslinger@boehringer-ingelheim.com along with copies of their CV, publication list and names of reference persons.
Simple Tips Reading Papers and Leading a Discussion about a Paper
In the link pasted below given are some simple, yet important, tips on reading research papers and leading a discussion about the same:http://ocw.mit.edu/NR/rdonlyres/Biology/7-89Fall-2007/Readings/paper_tips.pdf
NLM post-doc fellowships in Computational Bioscience, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, USA
The Computational Bioscience Program at the University of Colorado, Denver School of Medicine is recruiting to fill two NLM (NIH) funded postdoctoral fellowships. The Computational Bioscience Program is home to seven core faculty working in the areas of genomics, text mining, molecular evolution, phylogenetics, network analysis, statistical methods, microarray, biomedical ontology, and other areas. The School of Medicine is home to a broad array of outstanding research and instrumentation, including a 900 MHz NMR, extensive DNA sequencing and microarray facilities, and more. We are housed on the first all-new medical campus of the 21st century, close to both the urban amenities of Denver and the beautiful Rocky Mountains. For more information, please consult http://compbio.uchsc.edu SALARY/BENEFITS: Successful candidates will be offered the NRSA specified stipend (based on years of experience), medical insurance, $2000 per year in travel support and $6500 per year in additional research-related expenses. Candidates must have a Ph.D. degree in Computational Biology or a related discipline, and must be U.S. Citizens or Permanent Residents. Contact Information University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine Computational Bioscience Program Kathy Thomas Kathy.R.Thomas@ucdenver.edu Tel. Number: 303-724-3399 FAX Number: 303-324-0355 http://compbio.uchsc.edu How To Apply: Email your CV and arrange for three letters of recommendation. We are looking to fill this slot by October 1, 2009, but will continue the search until an ideal candidate is found.
Post-doc position, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, USA
A post-doctorate position in Computational Biology is immediately available at Virginia Polytechnic Institute (Virginia Tech), Department of Computer Science. The projects can be any or a combination of work on evolutionary/comparative genomics, phylogenetics, data mining of disease association studies, network biology, and algorithm and software development for large-scale sequence analysis. Excellent opportunities for collaborative research exist within the department’s Bioinformatics group and other academic departments and the Virginia Bioinformatics Institute (VBI) at Virginia Tech. The start date is flexible. Applicants should submit a curriculum vitae and a brief summary of current research and future research interests. Applicants should also arrange for three letters of recommendation to be sent to Dr. Liqing Zhang (lqzhang@vt.edu). The candidates should have a PhD in either (1) molecular evolution, (2) population genetics, (3) algorithms or data mining with bioinformatics experience, or a related field, and a strong computational background.
2 post-doc positions, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, USA
Two postdoctoral positions are available immediately to join the Vanderbilt Microarray Shared Resource (VMSR, http://array.mc.vanderbilt.edu/). The VMSR is currently under expansion and in the transition to Functional Genomics Shared Resource (FGSR). The successful candidates are expected to join the Informatics Group which includes bioinformatics engineers and post-doctoral fellows and is under the leadership of Dr. Zhongming Zhao, Chief Bioinformatics Officer in Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center. The candidates will perform advanced analysis of the data generated from the collaborative projects in FGSR. Currently, data generated and analyzed by VMSR has been published in many high profiling journals including Nature series and Science. The positions are supported by the Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center and NIH grants. The qualified candidates should be highly motivated and have a Ph.D. in bioinformatics, computational biology, molecular biology, or related when the job starts. The successful candidates should have experience in analyzing high-throughput genomic data derived from microarray and some other high throughput technologies (e.g., GWAS, CNVs) and proved skills in at least one programming language (Perl, Java, or C/C++). Good understanding of molecular biology and familiarity with biostatistics are desirable. Applicants should send a CV, brief statement of research interests, and reference to: Zhongming Zhao (zhongming.zhao@vanderbilt.edu
), Chief Bioinformatics Officer, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center. Please specify the position “Bioinformatics Postdoc in FGSR” in the application.
), Chief Bioinformatics Officer, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center. Please specify the position “Bioinformatics Postdoc in FGSR” in the application.
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